{"doi":"10.1002/adhm.202001920","title":"Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine","abstract":"Recent advances in biofabrication and biomaterials science have enabled more accurate recapitulation of complex tissue microenvironments, and modern tissue engineering approaches expand upon the traditional paradigm by incorporating multiple materials over a range of architectural scales and by integrating biochemical and physical components that influence cellular behavior. This special issue highlights a breadth of strategies used to promote the regeneration of functional bone, cartilage, muscle, and skin and provides an overview of the diverse research that is driving the field forward. One notable strategy for bone tissue repair is the use of modified Ti or Ti-alloy implants. To increase the osteogenic capabilities of these materials and reduce the risk of infection, bifunctional elements can be added to micro- or nano-structured surface oxide coatings to alter surface physicochemical properties. A review outlining this progress in this field is included in this issue by Kaifu Huo et al. (2000681). Another interesting tactic for bone tissue repair is designing biomaterials that interact with the fracture hematoma formed upon injury to bone tissue. The effects of biomaterials on blood coagulation and hematoma characteristics are examined in a review article by Yin Xiao et al. (2000726), and perspectives on enhancing osteogenesis by regulating hematoma properties are provided. Similarly, neovascularization of de novo bone tissue is critical for tissue ingrowth and repair. An original article by Shengmin Zhang et al. highlights the leverage of a selective laser sintering technique to produce a porous polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite scaffold that enhances blood vessel formation and bone regeneration when VEGF is immobilized on the scaffold surface (2000727). More recently, three-dimensional printing (3DP) and additive manufacturing (AM) have emerged as promising strategies in the field. To further advance bone tissue engineering, an original research article by Yinghong Zhou et al. leveraged bone particles to create a printable, biofunctionalized GelMA-based bioink. At variable compositions, bioprinted constructs with cell-laden bone particles of varying size enabled cell colonization of the scaffold and the expression of early osteogenic markers (2001323). This special issue offers multiple reviews on the potential of 3DP in tissue engineering as well. The applications of various materials and techniques in producing complex bone tissue engineering scaffolds via AM are discussed by Jie Liu et al., as well as preclinical studies, clinical applications and future prospects for these materials (2000724). A review highlighting the advantageous nature of 3DP for mimicking the complex composition and hierarchical structure of native tissue via multimaterial and multiscale fabrication is also presented in this issue by Chengtie Wu et al. (2000208). In this article, traditional bioinspired biomaterials designs are discussed, as well as biological composition and structure inspired designs. The utility of 3DP also extends to repairing osteochondral defects. An original research article by Xuetao Shi et al. leverages a biomimetic biphasic scaffold with a hyaluronic acid hydrogel layer to mimic cartilage tissue and a 3DP hydroxyapatite layer to mimic bone tissue to facilitate the layer-specific release of kartogenin and alendronate, respectively. In addition to the semi-immersion-bound biphasic layers, the scaffold induced mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate to both chondrocytes and osteoblasts in a layer-specific manner (2000076). This issue also considers the applications of 3DP in osteochondral tissue engineering through a review by Liangbin Zhou et al. examining various approaches to repairing osteochondral defects, such as scaffold and scaffold-free strategies, various scaffold architectures, the spatiotemporal release of bioactive factors and drugs, and the delivery of progenitor and tissue-specific cells (2001008). 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