{"doi":"10.1002/acr.25052","title":"Association of Hydroxychloroquine Dose With Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose is associated with adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Patients with SLE taking HCQ and with ≥1 echocardiogram followed at a tertiary care center in the Bronx, New York between 2005 and 2021 were included. The HCQ weight-based dose at the HCQ start date was the main exposure of interest. The outcome was incident all-cause heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), life-threatening arrhythmia, or cardiac death. We used Fine-Gray regression models with death as a competing event to study the association of HCQ dose with the outcome. Due to a significant interaction between smoking and HCQ exposure, models were stratified by smoking status. Propensity score analysis was performed as a secondary analysis. RESULTS: Of 294 patients, 37 (13%) developed the outcome over a median follow-up time of 7.9 years (interquartile range [IQR] 4.2-12.3 years). In nonsmokers (n = 226), multivariable analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and thromboembolism showed that higher HCQ weight-based doses were not associated with an increased risk of the outcome (subdistribution hazard ratio [HR] 0.62 [IQR 0.41-0.92], P = 0.02). Similarly, higher baseline HCQ doses were not associated with a higher risk of the outcome among smokers (n = 68) (subdistribution HR 0.85 [IQR 0.53-1.34] per mg/kg, P = 0.48). Propensity score analysis showed comparable results. CONCLUSION: Higher HCQ doses were not associated with an increased risk of HFrEF, life-threatening arrhythmia, or cardiac death among patients with SLE and may decrease the risk among nonsmokers.","journal":"Arthritis Care & Research","year":2022,"id":288355,"datarank":0.19465450112068403,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.02986265782046758,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.02986265782046758,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":2,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7542,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":582336,"name":"Ana Valle","orcid":"0000-0002-2932-176X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":825749,"name":"Mohammad Hashim Mustehsan","orcid":"0000-0003-4019-9678","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434289,"name":"Shudan Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-8725-1974","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":934021,"name":"Jammie Law","orcid":"0000-0001-7066-8522","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434286,"name":"Maria Salgado Guerrero","orcid":"0000-0002-8950-9836","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434288,"name":"Wenzhu Mowrey","orcid":"0000-0002-7407-7014","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247077,"name":"Daniel B. Horton","orcid":"0000-0002-1831-1339","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":969168,"name":"David Briceño","orcid":"0000-0002-3962-1248","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":413544,"name":"Anna Broder","orcid":"0000-0003-4772-3057","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434287,"name":"Alejandra Londoño Jimenez","orcid":"0000-0002-5339-5283","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:30:14.968626Z","pmid":"36331104","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}