{"doi":"10.1002/acn3.51375","title":"Factors influencing the acute pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizure paradigm and a literature review","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To confirm the critical factors affecting seizure susceptibility in acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) mouse epilepsy models and evaluate the prior literature for these factors. METHODS: Serial cohorts of wild-type mice administered intraperitoneal (IP)-PTZ were aggregated and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression for the effect of sex, age, background strain, dose, and physiologic stress (i.e., EEG implantation and/or single-housing) on seizure response. We assessed the reporting of these factors in a comprehensive literature review over the last 10 years (2010-2020). RESULTS: We conducted aggregated analysis of pooled data of 307 mice (220 C57BL/6J mice and 87 mixed background mice; 202 males, 105 females) with median age of 10 weeks (range: 6-49 weeks) with acute PTZ injection (dose range 40-65 mg/kg). Significance in multivariate analysis was found between seizures and increased PTZ dose (odds ratio (OR) 1.149, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.102-1.205), older age (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.041-1.170), physiologic stress (OR 17.36, 95% CI 7.349-44.48), and mixed background strain (OR 0.4725, 95% CI 0.2315-0.9345). Literature review identified 97 papers using acute PTZ-seizure models. Age, housing, sex, and background were omitted by 61% (59/97), 51% (49/97), 18% (17/97), and 8% (8/97) papers, respectively. Only 17% of publications specified all four factors (16/97). INTERPRETATION: Our analysis and literature review demonstrate a critical gap in standardization of acute PTZ-induced seizure paradigm in mice. We recommend that future studies specify and control for age, background strain, sex, and housing conditions of experimental animals.","journal":"Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology","year":2021,"id":159447,"datarank":0.5606504427425053,"base_score":3.7376696182833684,"endowment":3.7376696182833684,"self_citation_contribution":0.5606504427425053,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5606504427425053,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":41,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.905,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":640078,"name":"Leigh‐Ana Rossitto","orcid":"0000-0002-7744-3630","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670478,"name":"Karenna J. Groff","orcid":"0000-0002-6725-094X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374267,"name":"Sameer C. Dhamne","orcid":"0000-0002-1877-6259","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670479,"name":"Bo Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-2451-0593","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":671462,"name":"Lahin K. Lalani","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670480,"name":"Achint K. Singh","orcid":"0000-0002-5075-085X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106056,"name":"Alexander Rotenberg","orcid":"0000-0002-6495-5928","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40872,"name":"Mustafa Sahin","orcid":"0000-0001-7044-2953","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":337310,"name":"Christopher J. Yuskaitis","orcid":"0000-0002-5643-9798","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:44:39.550981Z","pmid":"34102033","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}