{"doi":"10.1002/9781119196945.ch14","title":"Framing Your Options: Seeing the World in Black and White","abstract":null,"journal":"Inside the Investor's Brain","year":2012,"id":682435,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Framing Your Options: Seeing the World in Black and White","abstract":"This chapter explains the concept of framing effect of options. The disposition effect is particularly a problem for individuals who buy and sell investments based on price movements. When such investors are watching their profits and losses (P/L), and they are significantly profitable, they are more likely to see an uncertain future as dangerous to their wealth. When they are losing money in the investment, they perceive the future as a chance to make back their losses. Many factors influence who is susceptible to the disposition effect. The framing effect is the tendency to view investments as either potential opportunities (gains) or potential risks (losses). Loss aversion is rooted in basic brain structures in the loss avoidance system and prefrontal cortex. The loss frame activates these structures and deviates decisions to become more self-protective. Interestingly, people who are swayed by their fear of losses are often unaware of their intrinsic decision bias.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"21097893","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2494255910","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"closed","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F9781119196945.ch14","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781119196945.ch14","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119196945.ch14","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Framing (construction)","Loss aversion","Framing effect","Disposition effect","Prospect theory","Economics","Disposition","Monetary economics","Microeconomics","Psychology","Social psychology","Engineering"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-17T20:21:38.366660Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}