{"doi":"10.1002/0471142735.im0805s68","title":"Two‐Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis is the combination of two high‐resolution electrophoretic procedures (isoelectric focusing and SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) to provide much greater resolution than either procedure alone. In the first‐dimension gel, solubilized proteins are separated according to their isoelectric point (pI) by isoelectric focusing. This gel is then applied to the top of an SDS‐slab gel and electrophoresed. The proteins in the first‐dimension gel migrate into the second‐dimension gel where they are separated on the basis of their molecular weight. The basic protocols in this unit are based on the type of equipment originally described by O'Farrell in 1975. For very basic or very acidic proteins, two alternate protocols are provided. A third alternate protocol describes how two‐dimensional electrophoresis can be performed using a minigel system. Protein sample preparation is presented in the support protocol.</jats:p>","journal":"Current Protocols in Immunology","year":2005,"id":23716,"datarank":0.28399387587264674,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.015229955488438468,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.015229955488438468,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":144597,"name":"Sean R. Gallagher","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":144596,"name":"Lonnie D. Adams","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"18432958","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3025457057","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.0,"citation_percentile":0.34153765,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/0471142735.im0805s68","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/0471142735.im0805s68","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://currentprotocols.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/0471142735.im0805s68","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142735.im0805s68","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18432958","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","Enzyme Structure and Function","Protein Structure and Dynamics","Chemistry","Medicine","Biology","Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional","Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel","Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","Isoelectric Focusing","Proteins"],"mesh_terms":["Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel","Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","Isoelectric Focusing","Proteins","Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional"],"keywords":["Isoelectric focusing","Isoelectric point","Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis","Gel electrophoresis of proteins","Chromatography","Electrophoresis","Gel electrophoresis","Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis","Chemistry","Difference gel electrophoresis","Free-flow electrophoresis","Molecular-weight size marker","Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis","Resolution (logic)","Biochemistry","Computer science","Enzyme","Proteomics"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-07T20:19:13.545709Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}