{"doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.30711","title":"Latent Profiles of Childhood Adversity, Adolescent Mental Health, and Neural Network Connectivity","abstract":"Importance: Adverse childhood experiences are pervasive and heterogeneous, with potential lifelong consequences for psychiatric morbidity and brain health. Existing research does not capture the complex interplay of multiple adversities, resulting in a lack of precision in understanding their associations with neural function and mental health. Objectives: To identify distinct childhood adversity profiles and examine their associations with adolescent mental health and brain connectivity. Design, Setting, and Participants: This population-based birth cohort used data for children who were born in 20 large US cities between 1998 and 2000 and participated in the Future Families and Child Well-Being Study. Families were interviewed when children were born and at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years. At age 15 years, neuroimaging data were collected from a subset of these youths. Data were collected from February 1998 to April 2017. Analyses were conducted from March to December 2023. Exposures: Latent profiles of childhood adversity, defined by family and neighborhood risks across ages 0 to 9 years. Main Outcomes and Measures: Internalizing and externalizing symptoms at age 15 years using parent- and youth-reported measures. Profile-specific functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity across the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and frontoparietal network (FPN). Results: Data from 4210 individuals (2211 [52.5%] male; 1959 [46.5%] Black, 1169 [27.7%] Hispanic, and 786 [18.7%] White) revealed 4 childhood adversity profiles: low-adversity (1230 individuals [29.2%]), medium-adversity (1973 [46.9%]), high-adversity (457 [10.9%]), and high maternal depression (MD; 550 [13.1%]). High-adversity, followed by MD, profiles had the highest symptoms. Notably, internalizing symptoms did not differ between these 2 profiles (mean difference, 0.11; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.26), despite the MD profile showing adversity levels most similar to the medium-adversity profile. In the neuroimaging subsample of 167 individuals (91 [54.5%] female; 128 [76.6%] Black, 11 [6.6%] Hispanic, and 20 [12.0%] White; mean [SD] age, 15.9 [0.5] years), high-adversity and MD profiles had the highest DMN density relative to other profiles (F(3,163) = 11.14; P < .001). The high-adversity profile had lower SN density relative to the low-adversity profile (mean difference, -0.02; 95% CI, -0.04 to -0.003) and the highest FPN density among all profiles (F(3,163) = 18.96; P < .001). These differences were specific to brain connectivity during an emotion task, but not at rest. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, children who experienced multiple adversities, or only elevated MD, had worse mental health and different neural connectivity in adolescence. Interventions targeting multiple risk factors, with a focus on maternal mental health, could produce the greatest benefits.","journal":"JAMA Network Open","year":2024,"id":433294,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9472,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":351200,"name":"Adriene M. Beltz","orcid":"0000-0001-5754-8083","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317891,"name":"Vonnie C. McLoyd","orcid":"0000-0002-5252-5947","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282956,"name":"Jeanne Brooks‐Gunn","orcid":"0000-0001-9493-8400","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1041826,"name":"Edward D. Huntley","orcid":"0000-0001-5321-4924","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282955,"name":"Colter Mitchell","orcid":"0000-0001-9560-1199","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282960,"name":"Luke W. Hyde","orcid":"0000-0002-5947-7896","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282959,"name":"Christopher S. Monk","orcid":"0000-0001-9391-4669","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":712812,"name":"Felicia A. Hardi","orcid":"0000-0002-3975-9159","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:44.444627Z","pmid":"39196556","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}