{"doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.55901","title":"Age, Motion, Medical, and Psychiatric Associations With Incidental Findings in Brain MRI","abstract":"Importance: Few investigations have evaluated rates of brain-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) incidental findings (IFs) in large lifespan samples, their stability over time, or their associations with health outcomes. Objectives: To examine rates of brain-based IFs across the lifespan, their persistence, and their associations with phenotypic indicators of behavior, cognition, and health; to compare quantified motion with radiologist-reported motion and evaluate its associations with IF rates; and to explore IF consistency across multiple visits. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study included participants from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample (NKI-RS), a lifespan community-ascertained sample, and the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), a cross-sectional community self-referred pediatric sample focused on mental health and learning disorders. The NKI-RS enrolled participants (ages 6-85 years) between March 2012 and March 2020 and had longitudinal participants followed up for as long as 4 years. The HBN enrolled participants (ages 5-21 years) between August 2015 and October 2021. Clinical neuroradiology MRI reports were coded for radiologist-reported motion as well as presence, type, and clinical urgency (category 1, no abnormal findings; 2, no referral recommended; 3, consider referral; and 4, immediate referral) of IFs. MRI reports were coded from June to October 2021. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to February 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures: Rates and type of IFs by demographic characteristics, health phenotyping, and motion artifacts; longitudinal stability of IFs; and Euler number in projecting radiologist-reported motion. Results: A total of 1300 NKI-RS participants (781 [60.1%] female; mean [SD] age, 38.9 [21.8] years) and 2772 HBN participants (976 [35.2%] female; mean [SD] age, 10.0 [3.5] years) had health phenotyping and neuroradiology-reviewed MRI scans. IFs were common, with 284 of 2956 children (9.6%) and 608 of 1107 adults (54.9%) having IFs, but rarely of clinical concern (category 1: NKI-RS, 619 [47.6%]; HBN, 2561 [92.4%]; category 2: NKI-RS, 647 [49.8%]; HBN, 178 [6.4%]; category 3: NKI-RS, 79 [6.1%]; HBN, 30 [1.1%]; category 4: NKI-RS: 12 [0.9%]; HBN, 6 [0.2%]). Overall, 46 children (1.6%) and 79 adults (7.1%) required referral for their IFs. IF frequency increased with age. Elevated blood pressure and BMI were associated with increased T2 hyperintensities and age-related cortical atrophy. Radiologist-reported motion aligned with Euler-quantified motion, but neither were associated with IF rates. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, IFs were common, particularly with increasing age, although rarely clinically significant. While T2 hyperintensity and age-related cortical atrophy were associated with BMI and blood pressure, IFs were not associated with other behavioral, cognitive, and health phenotyping. Motion may not limit clinical IF detection.","journal":"JAMA Network Open","year":2024,"id":463633,"datarank":0.26876392038420827,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.945,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":814047,"name":"Lucia Tu","orcid":"0000-0002-2300-3007","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1294389,"name":"Maya Roberts","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":579678,"name":"Gregory Kiar","orcid":"0000-0001-8915-496X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":814671,"name":"Melissa M. Breland","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":814672,"name":"Yiwen Tian","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1294020,"name":"Minji Kang","orcid":"0000-0002-9082-8754","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391000,"name":"Rachel Ross","orcid":"0000-0003-2988-9512","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":595911,"name":"Margaret M. Ryan","orcid":"0000-0003-0213-0725","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1294390,"name":"Emmanuel Valenza","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259522,"name":"Lindsay Alexander","orcid":"0000-0002-0187-7723","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":814046,"name":"Anna MacKay‐Brandt","orcid":"0009-0007-7960-6636","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":487070,"name":"Stanley J. Colcombe","orcid":"0000-0001-5051-2491","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":354158,"name":"Alexandre R. Franco","orcid":"0000-0002-1552-1090","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109391,"name":"Michael P. Milham","orcid":"0000-0003-3532-1210","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":501946,"name":"Russell H. Tobe","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:04:33.257852Z","pmid":"38349653","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}