{"doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42343","title":"Estimated Prevalence of Risk Factors for Preeclampsia Among Individuals Giving Birth in the US in 2019","abstract":"Importance: Low-dose aspirin (LDA) is one of the few evidence-based interventions for preventing preeclampsia, which is a leading cause of maternal or fetal morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines recommend LDA based on the presence of risk factors for preeclampsia, but the population-based prevalence of these factors is unknown. Objective: To estimate population-level prevalence of preeclampsia risk factors used in prophylactic LDA guidelines for pregnant patients and the association of these risk factors with reported rates of pregnancy-related hypertension. Design, Setting, and Participants: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using National Center for Health Statistics birth certificate data to describe the frequency of pregnant individuals with moderate to high-risk factors for preeclampsia and pregnancy-related hypertension rates. The study used all birth records in the United States for the 2019 calendar year. Exposures: Documentation of preeclampsia risk factors: multifetal gestation, pregestational diabetes, chronic hypertension (high-risk factors) and nulliparity, a body mass index greater than 30, African American race, a maternal age 35 years or older, an interval of more than 10-years since last birth, and having low socioeconomic status (moderate risk factors). Main Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence of each risk factor alone and in combinations leading to a recommendation for LDA; incidence of pregnancy-related hypertension by risk factor and combinations of risk factors. Results: There were 3 695 019 pregnancies in 2019, including 528 778 with no risk factors, 169 540 with 1 or more high-risk factors, and 2 996 701 with 1 or more moderate-risk factors. The mean (SD) of the cohort was 29.1 (5.8) years. Multifetal gestation was the most common high-risk factor and found in 123 995 pregnancies (3.4%), and low socioeconomic status was the most common moderate-risk factor and present in 1 732 729 pregnancies (46.9%). Based on 2021 criteria (a single high- or moderate-risk factors for preeclampsia), 3 166 241 pregnant patients (85.7%) were eligible for LDA. The incidence of pregnancy-related hypertension increased with the number of moderate-risk factors. The 2021 guidelines suggest considering or recommend LDA in 92.3% of pregnancies diagnosed with pregnancy-related hypertension. Conclusions and Relevance: These data support the recently published guidelines and suggest further simplified guidelines recommending LDA to patients with any single moderate-risk factors.","journal":"JAMA Network Open","year":2022,"id":236269,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":70,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9562,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":856921,"name":"Sabrena O. Myers","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":366270,"name":"Geeta K. Swamy","orcid":"0000-0001-5092-6993","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514844,"name":"Evan R. Myers","orcid":"0000-0002-9053-9864","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":399273,"name":"Sarahn M. Wheeler","orcid":"0000-0001-8384-3721","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":19,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:21:58.728756Z","pmid":"34982156","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}