{"doi":"10.1001/jama.2014.732","title":"Prevalence of Childhood and Adult Obesity in the United States, 2011-2012","abstract":"<h4>Importance</h4>More than one-third of adults and 17% of youth in the United States are obese, although the prevalence remained stable between 2003-2004 and 2009-2010.<h4>Objective</h4>To provide the most recent national estimates of childhood obesity, analyze trends in childhood obesity between 2003 and 2012, and provide detailed obesity trend analyses among adults.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>Weight and height or recumbent length were measured in 9120 participants in the 2011-2012 nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.<h4>Main outcomes and measures</h4>In infants and toddlers from birth to 2 years, high weight for recumbent length was defined as weight for length at or above the 95th percentile of the sex-specific Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts. In children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile of the sex-specific CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. In adults, obesity was defined as a BMI greater than or equal to 30. Analyses of trends in high weight for recumbent length or obesity prevalence were conducted overall and separately by age across 5 periods (2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012).<h4>Results</h4>In 2011-2012, 8.1% (95% CI, 5.8%-11.1%) of infants and toddlers had high weight for recumbent length, and 16.9% (95% CI, 14.9%-19.2%) of 2- to 19-year-olds and 34.9% (95% CI, 32.0%-37.9%) of adults (age-adjusted) aged 20 years or older were obese. Overall, there was no significant change from 2003-2004 through 2011-2012 in high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers, obesity in 2- to 19-year-olds, or obesity in adults. Tests for an interaction between survey period and age found an interaction in children (P = .03) and women (P = .02). There was a significant decrease in obesity among 2- to 5-year-old children (from 13.9% to 8.4%; P = .03) and a significant increase in obesity among women aged 60 years and older (from 31.5% to 38.1%; P = .006).<h4>Conclusions and relevance</h4>Overall, there have been no significant changes in obesity prevalence in youth or adults between 2003-2004 and 2011-2012. Obesity prevalence remains high and thus it is important to continue surveillance.","journal":"JAMA","year":2014,"id":4129,"datarank":16.506792627555612,"base_score":9.002331708246244,"endowment":9.002331708246244,"self_citation_contribution":1.3503497562369369,"citation_network_contribution":15.156442871318674,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3503497562369369,"citer_contribution":15.156442871318674,"corpus_percentile":90.7,"corpus_rank":1550,"citation_count":8121,"citer_count":196,"citers_with_citation_signal":196,"citers_with_endowment":196,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2014-02-26","authors":[{"id":40907,"name":"Margaret D. Carroll","orcid":"0000-0002-9748-0703","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40908,"name":"Brian K. Kit","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":18782,"name":"Katherine M. Flegal","orcid":"0000-0002-0838-469X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40906,"name":"Cynthia L. Ogden","orcid":"0000-0003-1147-7157","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}